2020 20

2020+20

Interaction Design

Barcelona, Spain

2020+20@gmail.com

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Foreseeable Future

SHOW ME
THE FUTURE

CINEMA

VOLUMETRIC CINEMA

Fully embodied, walk around, room-scale, volumetric experiences

PREDICTION
ALLUMETTE FILM
2020 - 4

In 2016, Eugene Chung directed the critically acclaimed VR film Allumette. Set in a futuristic city floating in the clouds, the production uses technology called ‘six degrees of freedom’ (or ‘6Dof’), which allows viewers to physically walk through its world.

ART OF
CONSCIOUSNESS

IIn 2016, The Emmy award-winning Lynette Wallworth, director of the VR experiences Collisions and Awavena, says the narrative experiences of the future, through virtual reality, will be able to offer new ways to explore neural diversity.

Wallworth also envisions VR and AR expanding the purview of traditional film, partly through headsets that will allow viewers to toggle between watching moments and then experiencing them immersively.

“We will have the ability to experience aspects of
how somebody with autism for example
experiences the world,”

SOURCE

Buckmaster. L (2019) What will films be like in the next 20 years?. BBC Culture

IED Source: (Graphic Chart)
In the Last 2 years, 110 students from 7 different countries (Argentina 2, Columbia 1, Spain 1, Italy 103 , Germany 1, Peru 1, United Kingdom 1) are studying Cinematography.

CINEMA

A STATE-OF-THE-ART

Cinema that engages all five senses

PREDICTION
SENSORY EXPERIENCE
1991

The research about the sensory experience dates back from the 90s such as Constance Classen’s Worlds of Sense (1993), David Howes’ The Varieties of Sensory Experience (1991), and Paul Rodaway’s Sensuous Geographies (1995). By focusing on the wealth of sensory evidence embedded in works of fiction and the visual arts that appeal primarily to the senses of touch, taste, hearing, and smell, scholars can address the possibility of engaging these other senses in our interactions with literature and film.

FIVE SENSES
THEATRE
2020 - 2

In 2018, Cineworld first opened its new immersive ‘five senses’ theatre with special simulating effects in London. The immersive movie theatre uses high-tech motion seats and special effects to simulate wind, snow, fog, lightning, bubbles, water and scents, which each work in time with the film to bring the action on the screen to life. According to Rebecca Ford, Sensory Expert, added: ‘A survey of over two thousand British movie-goers show that 78% wish they could put themselves into a film to truly experience it, and now they can.

With further development, in the future we will be able to experience the five senses in all the movies produced and have a more immersive watching experience.

SOURCE

Ferguson.G, Bouthagou.M, Krueger.C (2013) Coming to Our Senses: Sensory Experience in Literature and Film. UVA Arts & Sciences Digital Communications

Gladwell.H (2018) Cineworld opens new immersive ‘five senses’ theatre with special simulating effects. Metro UK

ART & DESIGN

GENE MODIFICATION

Designing and Engineering your perfect baby

PREDICTION
GENE EDITING LAUNCH
2020 - 5

Back in 2015 the first research on gene editing launched. Since then a team at the Southern University of Science and Technology, in Shenzhen, has been recruiting couples in an effort to create the first gene-edited babies. They planned to eliminate a gene called CCR5 in hopes of rendering the offspring resistant to HIV, smallpox, and cholera.

GERM- LINE
ENGINEERING

If germ-line engineering becomes part of medical practice, it could lead to transformative changes in human well-being, with consequences to people’s life span, identity, and economic output. In the hope for the future that we can somehow design and edit the genes of new generation or babies:

  • Appearance

    Hair color, eye color, etc

  • Reduce risk of diseases

    Combination of gene A receptor type IIB (ACVR2B), SLC26A5 gene, is key to the ultrasonic hearing range of animal sonar. And ACTN3 (sprinting gene for super fast mutation).

  • Enhance brain capability

    Rutabaga, a gene that controls memory pathways, creating the brain structure similar with people with Hyperthymesia condition (Photographic memory).

SOURCE

IRegalado, A. (2015). Engineering the perfect baby. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Technology Review.

Regalado, A. (2018). Chinese scientists are creating CRISPR babies. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Technology Review.

Heidi Gardner, Ph.D. (2018). How CRISPR Could Give You Superpowers in the Future. Synthego Corp.

ART & DESIGN

VIRTUAL TIME TRAVEL

360 degree immersive experience in all city’s landmarks

PREDICTION
CULTURE & TOURISM
2020 - 3

One of the richest uses of AR and VR is to enhance places, such as historic buildings, castles, monuments and heritage sites and battlefields.

For some existing example are The Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto in 2017, The National Museum of Finland in Helsinki opened a new VR exhibit in 2018 and Louvre in 2019.Museum visitors can point to artifacts to get more information or visualize an art piece in its original environment and imagining themself as they are inside the painting.

LANDMARKS
EXPERIENCE

In the hope of giving an immersive experience, landmarks are to be given the virtual and augmented reality, so visitors could imagine themself being in the spot throughout the years or even centuries and learn more about the history of the landmarks. Just like giving the chance to Travel Back in Time.

SOURCE

Briggs. R, Dobner.E, Dul. J, Mariani. J, Kishnani. P (2018). Digital reality in government: How AR and VR
can enhance government services. Deloitte Insights

Coates. C (2020). How Museums are using VR and AR. Museumnext.com

EDUCATION

BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACE

Will we all soon be typing with our minds?

PREDICTION
BRAIN-CHIP INTERFACE
2020 - 1

“Hybrid system where brain cells and chip-based MEMS “The use of on-chip microelectromechanical systems”establish a close physical interaction allowing the transfer of information in one or both directions”.

In July 2019 Elon Musk, best known as the CEO of the electric car company Tesla, presented details of an implantable wireless system that his company Neuralink is building. It is already being studied in monkeys, Musk revealed, and it is hoped that human trials will start before the end of 2020. To date, Neuralink has received $158m in funding, $100m of it from Musk.

The device’s safety will be studied along with how well the system allows brain control of a computer for typing and texting. While it can only read the aggregate activity of a population of neurons, of which it will take in about 1,000, there is enough data to make a system useful for patients – and less nuance in the signal actually makes it more stable and robust, says founder and CEO Tom Oxley.

“Elon Musk worries about the threat posed by artificial intelligence and claims BCIs may provide a way of keeping up with it”

ALTERNATIVE TO
IMPLANTS
2020 - 1

Facebook announced in 2017 it wanted to create a wearable device that would allow typing from the brain at 100 words per minute (as a comparison, Neuralink is striving for 40 words per minute – which is around our average typing speed – and the BrainGate programme which uses Utah array implants has achieved about 8 words per minute, without word prediction). This July, researchers at the University of California funded by the social network showed decoding of a small set of full, spoken words and phrases from brain activity in real time for the first time – though it was done with so-called electrocorticography electrodes laid on the surface of the brain via surgery. Meanwhile the company continues to work on how it might achieve the same thing non-invasively and is exploring measuring changing patterns in blood oxygenation – neurons use oxygen when they are active – with near-infrared light.

SOURCE

TThe Guardian, Sun 22 Sep 2019 07.00 BST https://www.theguardian.com/science/2019/sep/22/brain-computer-interface-implants-neuralink-braingate-elon-musk

ResearchGate, December 2011, 7:61–64 BST https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257718710_Brain-Chip_Interfaces_The_Present_and_The_Future

EDUCATION

ROBOTS

Robots will replace teachers by 2027

PREDICTION
HUMANOID MACHINES
2020 + 7

As the age of AI approaches, the question of whether robots can replace teachers looms larger. Anthony Seldon, vice chancellor of the University of Buckingham, predicts that robots will replace teachers by 2027, less than a decade away. Some say that robots can never replace teachers because teachers inspire us. But, in another article, Seldon, says “inspirational robots” are possible and can be adapted to each student’s individual learning style.

Whether the “robots” take the form of artificially intelligent (AI) software programs or humanoid machines, research suggests that technology is poised to automate a huge proportion of jobs worldwide, disrupting the global economy and leaving millions unemployed.

On the other hand education systems are “only as good as the teachers who provide the hands-on schooling,” UNESCO claims, and today’s robots simply can’t match human teachers in the quality of education they provide to students. In fact, they won’t be able to for at least the next decade،Rose Luckin, a professor at the University College London Knowledge Lab, a research center focused on how digital media can transform education, told Futurism. Teachers rely heavily on social interaction to support their students and figure out what they need, Luckin continued, and so far no digital system can compete with a human in this realm.

However, it is possible that no robot will ever be good enough to replace teachers completely. “I do not believe that any robot can fulfill the wide range of tasks that a human teacher completes on a daily basis, nor do I believe that any robot will develop the vast repertoire of skills and abilities that a human teacher possesses,” Luckin said.

But AI could do more than the drudgery of teaching — it could actually make teachers better by giving them greater insight into their students’ needs.

“Considering that education still hasn’t embraced mobile technology, the idea of Johnny 5 circling around a classroom teaching students in just a decade seems far-fetched,” Heick said. But maybe someday.

SOURCE

EducationDive, “Amelia Harper”, Nov. 15, 2018 https://www.educationdive.com/news/will-robots-replace-teachers-in-the-future/542239/

Futurism, “Kristin Houser”, December 11TH 2017 https://futurism.com/ai-teachers-education-crisis

MUSIC

8D EFFECT

The “new” trend of 8D audio explained; what is it and how is it achieved?

PREDICTION
MUSIC TECHNOLOGY

With this awesome music technology you don’t listen with your ears but with your brain. At least, this is what it feels and sounds like. You can compare it to as if you were standing at a music festival or live show. Best of all, you don’t even realise that you are wearing headphones!

“At its core, the 8D effect tries to mimic the sensation of hearing a binaural recording, which places sounds in space relative to a human’s head (rather than normal stereo recordings, which can only direct sound to the left and right speaker channels)”.

This “new” 8D audio, for most people, is a new futuristic technology that allows you to recreate the feeling of listening to music played by speakers distributed around us. A sort of immersive and actually very suggestive experience. So, is this a real new technology called 8D? The answer is no, 8D audio does not exist for various reasons but, the effect created by the audio is a real thing.

MUSIC

EAR ENGINEERING

New technology that can help the 360 million people with hearing loss

PREDICTION
SOUND INTO LIGHT

Normal hearing is more simple than it may appear. Sound waves move through the ear canal and pulse the eardrum, which then moves the tiny bones inside the middle ear. They in turn tap the cochlea, a snail shell–looking structure that contains thousands of delicate hairs and fluid. The cochlea converts mechanical signals into electrical ones, which it then passes to the auditory nerve, which transmits it to the brain for processing.

But the ear presents a difficult engineering problem. If any of these parts are disrupted, a person might lose some or all of her hearing. And what kind of intervention works best depends on which part is affected. Those who lose hearing later in life, either due to a toxin, loud noise or simply as a part of aging, can be fitted with hearing aids to amplify sounds; children born with hereditary hearing loss can get complex devices called cochlear implants surgically placed deep into the ear.

For those who lost hearing later in life, more sophisticated devices might be the first big step to improving hearing. Tobias Moser, a professor of auditory neuroscience at the University Medical Center Göttingen, is working to improve the function of a cochlear implant by turning it into an optical device instead of an electric one. Instead of turning sound into electrical signals to be transmitted to the brain, as current cochlear implants do, this technique turns sound into light. Micro-LEDs flash onto genetically altered neurons, which send the information to the brain.

“This sounds really fancy — it’s very cool — but it’s also not so easy. This is putting optoelectronics into a pretty aggressive environment [in the ear],” said Moser. He and his team have already shown that the device works in rodent models. In the next four years, before it can be tested in humans, they hope to try their technique in other primates and improve the capabilities and hardiness of the device itself.

FASHION

ENERGY CLOTH

Energy Powered clothing material

PREDICTION
WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY

Wearable technology seems like the logical step forward for the digital generation. Following the clear trend of blending the physical world with the virtual, fashion began weaving technologies into clothing in recent years in an attempt to capitalize on technology’s effervescent desire to be ever smaller. The lack of progression in the field of battery technology has put any such innovations at the mercy of frequent charging, leaving the user experience of wearables lamentable. A foreseeable alternative to the traditional battery is solar energy though this also requires much progression to a smaller, flexible version capable of providing long-lasting energy while indoors. A more promising answer for textiles is a supercapacitor which gains energy via static charge. Printed on thin, flexible material, the supercapacitor can power a wearable or charge a phone using energy created by standard movements. Perfecting such a device means it will no longer be necessary to carry charging cables around for phones or laptops.

SOURCE

Gee, M., Ho, A., & Raab, J. (n.d.). See the wearable tech of the future. Retrieved from https://time.com/see-the-wearable-tech-of-the-future/

Goode, L. (2016, January 15). Don't expect battery life miracles in wearables anytime soon. Retrieved from https://www.theverge.com/2016/1/15/10775660/fitness-tracker-smartwatch-battery-problems-apple-motorola-lumo

Matchar, E. (2017, August 31). Flexible Batteries May Soon Be Printed Right On Your Clothes. Retrieved from https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/flexible-batteries-may-soon-be-printed-right-your-clothes-180964683/

FASHION

PRINTED FASHION

The next fast fashion : 3D Printing

PREDICTION
PRINT FLEXIBLE
MATERIALS

The fashion industry is being eyed by environmental activists as a major contributor to the environmental crisis due to its significant production of carbon emissions, ocean plastic pollution, waste, and water pollution.

The damage has escalated rapidly with the rise of ‘fast fashion’ – a term which references a high rate of consumption for low quality clothing meant to last for only one season then discarded. 3D printing has evolved to the point of now being able to quickly print flexible materials which can then be turned into clothing. This process is significantly more environmentally friendly. Factories would no longer be needed to roll out large batches of clothing, reducing carbon emissions. Dyes used to color fabrics, a major source of water pollution, would no longer be a necessary step in the production process. Because the clothing would be printed made-to-fit, textile scraps would be nonexistent, working in tandem with an increase in longevity to reduce the amount of waste produced. Should 3D printing at home become a widespread adoption once made available, the gamut of fashion pollution will be an obsolete affair.

SOURCE

Cooper, K.-L. (2018, July 31). Fast fashion: Inside the fight to end the silence on waste. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-44968561

Flynt, J. (2019, September 22). 3D Printing Fashion: Advantages, Disadvantages, and Future. Retrieved from https://3dinsider.com/3d-printing-fashion/

GENERAL

MICRO - INFLUENCERS

Platforms for commercial advertisements shrink.

PREDICTION
DIGITAL WORLD
2020 - 4

Marketing is now targeting a connected customer with fast-changing expectations, making agility, transparency, and trust necessary characteristics of a successful marketing team. Strategic partnerships are an exceptional way of achieving such goals with additional benefits of creative latitude, multichannel reach, and adherence to cultural norms (Galloway, 2019). Micro-influencer utilization has risen 300% in the past 4 years, outweighing mega-influencers 10 to 1 due to their superior command of supporter engagement (Influencer Marketing Hub, 2020). With the digital world blending with reality and the number of social media platforms expanding, shifting requires influencer marketing to increase its revenue.

SOURCE

Galloway, J. (2019). Marketing to the connected customer: The future of marketing. KPMG LLP.

Influencer Marketing Hub. (2020). The State of Influencer Marketing 2020: Benchmark Report.

GENERAL

AUTOMATED TECHNOLOGY

CGI Avatars

PREDICTION
INFLUENCER INDUSTRY
2020 - 2

CGI avatars, using automated technology, have gained traction in the influencer industry on social media due to their ability to bypass the challenges human influencers face (Robertson, 2018). One such challenge is the frequent violations of strict Federal Trade Commission disclosure requirements that one study found influencer posts to be fully compliant with 14% of the time (Influencer Marketing Hub, 2020). Many companies are implementing similar technologies for commercial applications that go beyond social media influencing, suggesting that digital humans will become increasingly more commonplace, and thus, more normalized 
(Katz, 2018).

SOURCE

Influencer Marketing Hub. (2020). The State of Influencer Marketing 2020: Benchmark Report.

Katz, M. (2018, May 1). CGI Influencers Like Lil Miquela Are About to Flood Your Feeds. Retrieved from https://www.wired.com/story/lil-miquela-digital-humans/

Robertson, S. (2018, October 30). Bot or not? The Rise of CGI Influencers. Retrieved from https://thetmca.com/bot-or-not-the-rise-of-cgi-influencers/

GENERAL

IED BREAKDOWN

The student body’s evolution through the years

SOURCE

IED Database 2015-2020